JURISDICTION FILE
Turkish enforcement begins with the İcra Müdürlüğü — the execution office. File an İcra Takibi and the debtor receives an Ödeme Emri: a formal payment order backed by state authority. Seven days to pay or object. Turkish commercial law gives creditors teeth. The İcra ve İflas Kanunu has been enforcing debts since 1932. It has not gone soft.
HOW WE COLLECT HERE
"2004 sayılı İcra ve İflas Kanunu'nun ilgili maddeleri uyarınca, işbu ödeme emrinin tebliğinden itibaren yedi (7) gün içinde borcunuzu ödemeniz veya itirazda bulunmanız aksi halde cebri icra yoluyla takibe devam edileceği ihtar olunur."
Türkiye is the bridge economy between Europe and the Middle East — the 19th largest economy in the world, a G20 member, and a jurisdiction where more European companies have unpaid receivables than they care to admit. The problem for foreign creditors is not that Turkish law lacks teeth. The problem is that they do not know where the teeth are.
Turkish commercial debt collection operates under three primary statutes: the TBK (Turkish Code of Obligations, No. 6098), the TTK (Turkish Commercial Code, No. 6102), and the İİK (Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law, No. 2004). Statutory default interest is set by the Turkish Central Bank and is significantly higher than European equivalents.
İİK (No. 2004) · TBK (No. 6098) · TTK (No. 6102)
İcra ve İflas Kanunu — enforcement law since 1932. Statutory interest set by Turkish Central Bank. TRY-denominated debts erode with inflation — speed is critical.
The İcra Takibi filed at the İcra Müdürlüğü serves an Ödeme Emri on the debtor. For general enforcement, the debtor has 7 days to pay or object. For negotiable instruments, only 5 days. If no objection is filed, the creditor proceeds directly to Haciz (seizure).
The İcra Müdürlüğü executes seizure directly, with court intervention only for specific asset types like real property forced sales.
İHTAR
Formal warning via notary
Sent through Noter. Creates official record. Debtor cannot deny receipt.
İCRA TAKİBİ
Enforcement proceeding
Filed at İcra Müdürlüğü. Ödeme Emri served. 7 days to pay or object.
İTİRAZIN İPTALİ
Objection cancellation
Full trial. If objection unjustified: 20% denial compensation on top of claim.
HACİZ
Asset seizure
Bank accounts, receivables, movable and immovable property. Direct execution.
If the debtor objects, the creditor seeks İtirazın İptali through the Commercial Court. If the objection is found unjustified, the debtor pays İcra İnkâr Tazminatı — at least 20% of the claim amount. This penalty discourages frivolous objections.
JURISDICTION BRIEFING
How InterStation collects in Türkiye — a 90-second briefing
TRY depreciation means delay costs real money. Structuring claims in EUR or USD — where the contract permits — is essential. Turkish law under Article 99 İİK allows enforcement in foreign currency. Where contracts are TRY-denominated, we prioritise speed above all else.
The debtor has 7 days. Seven. Not thirty. Turkish enforcement timelines are compressed — and the İcra Müdürlüğü executes seizure directly, with court intervention only for specific asset types.
Haciz
Bank accounts frozen. Receivables seized. Physical assets levied at premises.
Çek (cheque) liability
Bounced cheque: commercial ban + criminal proceedings in parallel.
İcra İnkâr Tazminatı
20% denial compensation if debtor's objection found unjustified.
Currency structure
We enforce in EUR/USD where contract permits. TRY claims: speed above all.
ENFORCEMENT PROTOCOL
Sent through a Noter (notary public), creating an official record. The debtor cannot deny receipt.
DAY 0: İhtar (Formal Warning via Notary). Sent through a Noter (notary public), creating an official record. The debtor cannot deny receipt.Filed at the İcra Müdürlüğü. The Ödeme Emri gives the debtor 7 days. Seven. Not thirty.
DAY 7: İcra Takibi / Ödeme Emri. Filed at the İcra Müdürlüğü. The Ödeme Emri gives the debtor 7 days. Seven. Not thirty.No objection in 7 days. The proceeding is final. The creditor requests Haciz.
DAY 14: Kesinleşme (Finalization). No objection in 7 days. The proceeding is final. The creditor requests Haciz.Bank accounts frozen. Receivables seized. Physical assets levied at the debtor's premises. For Çek cases: criminal proceedings.
DAY 21+: Haciz (Seizure). Bank accounts frozen. Receivables seized. Physical assets levied at the debtor's premises. For Çek cases: criminal proceedings.Sent through a Noter (notary public), creating an official record. The debtor cannot deny receipt.
DAY 0: İhtar (Formal Warning via Notary). Sent through a Noter (notary public), creating an official record. The debtor cannot deny receipt.Filed at the İcra Müdürlüğü. The Ödeme Emri gives the debtor 7 days. Seven. Not thirty.
DAY 7: İcra Takibi / Ödeme Emri. Filed at the İcra Müdürlüğü. The Ödeme Emri gives the debtor 7 days. Seven. Not thirty.No objection in 7 days. The proceeding is final. The creditor requests Haciz.
DAY 14: Kesinleşme (Finalization). No objection in 7 days. The proceeding is final. The creditor requests Haciz.Bank accounts frozen. Receivables seized. Physical assets levied at the debtor's premises. For Çek cases: criminal proceedings.
DAY 21+: Haciz (Seizure). Bank accounts frozen. Receivables seized. Physical assets levied at the debtor's premises. For Çek cases: criminal proceedings.FREQUENTLY ASKED
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